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EU-SILC Indicators International Comparison
Trezzi, Bohdana ; Mazouch, Petr (advisor) ; Zelený, Martin (referee)
This thesis is focused on comparison of selected indicators within EU-SILC and project Europe 2020. Data for analysis were used from databases of Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat). Following selected indicators are analysed: employment rate, people at risk of poverty or social exclusion, life expectancy. Trend-cycle series are used for analysis of selected indicators and values predicted for the year 2020 which are then compared with project Europe 2020 goals for countries the Czech Republic and Germany and in this way setting of these goals validated.
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The impacts of aviation on regional development
NOVOTNÝ, Martin
Master thesis is aiming to problematics of air transport and its impacts on regional development. First part of this thesis is dedicated to theoretical studying of aviation, aviation´s history, its impacts mainly on economics and environment. Next part of theoretical studying examines regional development, theoretical basis of regional development, how is it measured and which tools are being used for influencing regional development. Practical part is aiming on the importance of air transport for selected region, then it informs about similar airports. This is helpful for making an opinion how airport can influence a region. In the next part the program of regional development of selected region is analyzed and there are identified the most important points which are analyzed in the last part. The last part is trying to respond to the objectives of the thesis, which are evaluation of the impacts of aviation on regional development in selected region and quantification of these effects.
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Women on labor market
Nová, Lucie ; Nývlt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Arltová, Markéta (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyze and verify the existence of causality between employment rate, unemployment rate as independent variable and fertility rate as dependent variable. Two stated hypotheses are being verified within this thesis. First of them says that by decreasing employment rate also the fertility rate decreases. Second says that decreasing unemployment rate has an impact on growth of fertility rate. The final part of essay deals with today´s often discussed concept of work life balance which in many countries supports high economical activity of women and higher fertility simultaneously. It draws attention on positives of alternative work arrangements as well as on negatives and deficits which goes together with its practicing. In the end of the thesis different possibilities of effective work life balance management are suggested.
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The position of older people in the labour market in selected EU countries
Oríšková, Adéla ; Šimková, Martina (advisor) ; Miskolczi, Martina (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the development of economic activity of persons aged 55 or older in the period from 2005 to 2014 and their position in the labour market in the Czech Republic, Greece and Sweden. In addition to the definitions of terms related to demography, economics and social policy, the thesis examines the factors influencing the employment of older people and the EU's approach towards the increasing proportion of the older population in the workforce. Further, it provides an analysis of the position of older people in the labour market. The analysis based on the employment rate and unemployment rate indicators shows that the situation of older workers in the labour market differs in the selected countries.
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Development of the unemployment rate and employment in the regions of the Czech Republic during recession
Vlček, David ; Zeman, Jan (advisor) ; Musil, Petr (referee)
During recession there are often discussions about changes in the unemployment and employment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to evaluate the results of recession on the labour market. In this thesis the evaluation is made by analyses of the employment in the regions of the Czech Republic in selected industries and unemployment in the regions of the Czech Republic during recession, which started in the year 2008. The first chapter is dedicated to labour market and business cycle with accent on the employment and unemployment. In the second chapter selected industries and classification of economical actions are characterised. The selection of industries was made on the basis of its proportion on the total gross value added and number of employed people. Theoretical part is finished by chapter concerning time series, especially their decomposition. Analytical part regards characterisation, analyses and evaluation changes in the employment and unemployment in the Czech Republic. Analysis was made from the perspective of changes in the unemployment rate, employment rate and share of employed in selected industries in the regions of the Czech Republic during recession.
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State employment policy in the Czech Republic
Kubatová, Martina ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Svoboda, Libor (referee)
In the thesis we deal with the analysis of the development of the implementation active employment policy for the last 21 years. We are trying to make a short summary of this development in individual years and the subsequent evaluation of active employment policy. We also verify the effectiveness of this policy and its instruments during the period of economic growth and recession by statistical indicators of the number of jobs created, the number of candidates included into the working process, expenditures on this policy and employment rate. We are aware of some the potential distortion, because we use only for statistical data and do not take into account the social and psychological phenomena that affect effect of the active policy. Thesis also analyse fluctuation of the development of annual and quarterly employment rate in the Czech Republic. To correctly understand the current employment development is first necessary to look into its history and to highlight its past and present problems, because without this knowledge it is not possible for the Czech government to effectively respond for ganges in this indicator using the tools of the active employment policy. Development of quarterly employment rate is interesting with its seasonal periodicity, which brings regularly recurring fluctuations in a period of less than one year. We perform the analysis of quarterly time series of the employment rate using Box-Jenkins methodology and try to predict what the employment situation in the next five quarters. Then we recalculate forecast into years and try to estimate the final value of the employment rate for the year 2013 and the value for the year 2014.
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Older workers in the labour market
Žáková, Veronika ; Pavelka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The main objective of diploma thesis is to analyze and evaluate the situation of elder employees on the labour market in the Czech republic, where as in others developed countries of European union has negative demographic evolution. The first of all are mentioned fundamental demographic indicators including expected predictions for the future, next and also crucial part of thesis is dedicated to labour market with regards to changing structure in age structure of population. The group of elder workers is submitted to deeper analysis according to several standpoints such as reached education, gender or profession. The rest space is devoted to options and suggestions for this endangered group on the labour market, including examples of good practice from abroad. Thesis conclusion is focused on comparison with states of European union and fulfilling objectives in terms of European strategies.
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Women and labour market in relation to parenthood
KŘIKAVOVÁ, Soňa
The thesis contains a description of the current situation in combining work and family. Principally, the work focuses on women with small children who are recipients of parental allowance or maternity pay and on the system of family support, in particular, the new three-speed systém of parentel allowance. It also addresses issues faced by mothers upon their re-entry on the labour market. The work´s aim was to establish the extent to which patente take advantage of the option to select the period for which they would benefit from parental allowance and the factors influencing their choice. In order to obtain the data required, women on maternity or parental leave and allowance specialists of the state social support department at the Labour Office in Beroun have been interviewed. Quantitative as well as qualitative research methods have been used. Mothers provided information in questionnaires filled in independently by respondents, semi-controlled interviews with individual specialists have been used to obtain information from the allowance specialists at the Labour Office. The finding that resulted from the work is that, out of the three possible alternatives, the three-year alternativ eis the most frequent choice and the two-year alternative is selected by the lowest number of women. The employability of women and the number of children they take care of are the most important criteria affecting thein choice. Low interest in the two-year-olds. Therefore, predominantly women planning another child in the upcoming period who will have to resolve the situation during their next parental leave opt for the two-year alternative. The influence of the mother´s education on the choice of an alternative has not been confirmed. In order to allow mothers with small children to make full use of the new three-speed system and to accomplish the desired effect, i.e. increase in female employment rates, I would recommend, first of all, regulating the ``nurseries`` in a new way, introducing part-time jobs and shared job positions. Without these measures, the new system cannot work efficiently.
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Human Resources and Employment
JAKUBCOVÁ, Jaroslava
The goal of bachelor´s work is to describe the situation regarding the human resources in the county Prachatice and evaluate this problem from the employment office´s point of view. The basic problem is to utilize effectively the labour force related to free human resources, mainly registered in the employment office. In the bachelor´s work it is particularly pursued the comparison and the utilization of these free human resources. The bachelor´s work is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical and its intent is to explain the important notions regarding the employment. The attention is particulary pursued to the risk groups on labor market. The second part is practical and it is directed to the analysis of situations connected with employment and human resources in the county Prachatice. This part is strongly statistical in order to achieve a good transparency.In this part there is the connection with the theoretical part through the risk groups of the unemployed. At the end of practical part there are some suggestions regarding the utilization of human resources and the support of the employment rate. The result of this work is the maping of human resources development in the county Prachatice. There is also mention the further possible solutions of these problems on regional and state level. The state should behave as the guarantor of the state policy and by way of employment office conducts this policy.
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Vzdělanostní struktura a její vliv na trh práce v České republice a Velké Británii
Procházková, Ivana ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee)
Česká republika má míru nezaměstnanosti jednu z nejvyšších v Evropě. Naopak Velká Británie má míru nezaměstnanosti jednu z nejnižších. Jedním z nejlepších způsobů, jak nezaměstnanost snížit, je poskytovat kvalitní a tolik potřebné vzdělání. I když tuto skutečnost mnozí přehlížejí, právě porovnání těchto dvou zemí dokazuje, že tomu tak opravdu je. První a druhá kapitola obsahuje informace o vzdělanostních systémech v obou zemích. Obě kapitoly pak přibližují fakt, jak jsou vzdělání a zaměstnanost propojené obory. Další kapitoly přináší především porovnání obou zemí podle zvolených ukazatelů, které jsou čím dál tím více důležité. Pochopitelně nechybí ani nové trendy ve vzdělávání, které lze v současné době využít. V sedmé kapitole jsou uvedena rizika ale i příležitosti, které by měly vést ke zlepšení situace. Lze zde nalézt ale i doporučení, která by bylo dobré v České republice realizovat.
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